GRAMÁTICA 6
Voz pasiva y voz activa
Voz pasiva y voz activa
Al igual que en español, en inglés existe voz activa y pasiva. La voz activa es la que usamos normalmente en la que hay un sujeto que realiza una acción.
La voz pasiva se usa cuando queremos centrar la atención no en el sujeto, sino en el objeto o persona afectada por dicha acción.
Por eso, aunque el orden normal de las oraciones en inglés es:
- The new shopping mall employs 125 people from Stratford
- Sujeto + Verbo + Objeto
Este orden cambia cuando usamos la pasiva para poner el énfasis en el objeto o persona afectada por la acción :
- 125 people from Stratford are employed by the new shopping mall
- Objeto + to be + pasado participio + Complementos
¡Importante! Solo los verbos transitivos pueden usarse en pasiva, ya que los intransitivos no tiene objeto.
¿Cómo se forma la voz pasiva?
La buena noticia es que la estructura de la pasiva es muy sencilla: lo importante es saber conjugar el verbo “to be”.
La estructura básica es: sujeto + (to be) + participio pasado.
| Tiempo verbal | Ejemplo en pasiva |
| Present simple | The film is directed by John Smith (La película está dirigida por John Smith). |
| Present continuous | The film is being directed by John Smith (La película está siendo dirigida por John Smith). |
| Past simple | The film was directed by John Smith (La película fue dirigida por John Smith). |
| Past continuous | The film was being directed by John Smith (La película estaba siendo dirigida por John Smith). |
| Present perfect | The film has been directed by John Smith (La película ha sido dirigida por John Smith). |
| Past perfect | The film had been directed by John Smith (La película había sido dirigida por John Smith). |
| Future (will) | The film will be directed by John Smith (La película será dirigidapor John Smith). |
| Future (be going to) | The film is going to be directed by John Smith (La película va a ser dirigida por John Smith). |
| Verbos modales | The film should / might / must be directed by John Smith (La película debería / podría / debe ser dirigida por John Smith). |
¿Cuándo se usa esta estructura?
Podemos recurrir a la voz pasiva por varios motivos:
1. CUANDO ESTAMOS MÁS INTERESADOS EN LA PERSONA O COSA QUE RECIBE LA ACCIÓN QUE EN LA PERSONA O COSA QUE REALIZA LA ACCIÓN.
Observa estas dos frases. La frase A es pasiva, y la B es activa:
A. Romeo & Juliet was written by William Shakespeare (Romeo y Julieta fue escrito por William Shakespeare).
B. Shakespeare wrote Romeo & Juliet (Shakespeare escribió Romeo y Julieta).
B. Shakespeare wrote Romeo & Juliet (Shakespeare escribió Romeo y Julieta).
En la frase A, estamos más interesados en la obra de teatro, Romeo y Julieta, mientras que la frase B podría encontrarse en un texto sobre Shakespeare, en el que queremos centrarnos más en él que en la obra que escribió.
2. CUANDO EL “AGENTE” ES OBVIO O NO TIENE IMPORTANCIA
El complemento agente en una oración pasiva es la persona o cosa que realiza o provoca la acción. A veces no es importante, o resulta tan evidente que no tenemos por qué mencionarlo.
He was arrested last night (Fue detenido anoche).
Aquí no necesitamos decir “The police arrested him” (“La policía lo detuvo”), pues es obvio que solo la policía tiene competencias para llevar a cabo una detención.
3. CUANDO ESTAMOS DESCRIBIENDO PROCESOS Y QUEREMOS MANTENER EL CARÁCTER IMPERSONAL DE LA DESCRIPCIÓN.
Si estamos describiendo cómo se hace algo , por ejemplo, queremos centrarnos en las acciones, no en quién las lleva a cabo:
Chocolate eggs are made with milk and cocoa. The mixture is then poured into moulds
(Los huevos de chocolate se hacen con leche y cacao. Después se vierte la mezcla en moldes).
(Los huevos de chocolate se hacen con leche y cacao. Después se vierte la mezcla en moldes).
4. PARA EVITAR RESPONSABILIDADES
¿Recuerdas cuando la aerolínea canceló tu vuelo? Es muy poco probable que dijeran:
We have cancelled your flight (Hemos cancelado su vuelo)… aunque eso fuera lo que ocurrió.
Al utilizar la voz pasiva (Your flight has been cancelled), están evitando asumir la responsabilidad de la cancelación, con la esperanza de que dirijas tu frustración hacia otra parte. Esto sucede igualmente en los letreros que indican normas:
Smoking is not permitted (No se permite fumar)… que realmente significa “We do not permit smoking” (“No permitimos fumar”).
Realiza los siguientes ejercicios en el siguiente link:
https://www.onlineexambuilder.com/passive-voice-exercise-5/exam-2925
http://www.ejerciciodeingles.com/ejercicios-voz-pasiva-rellenar-huecos/
https://www.onlineexambuilder.com/passive-voice-exercise-5/exam-2925
http://www.ejerciciodeingles.com/ejercicios-voz-pasiva-rellenar-huecos/
MAESTRANTE: ARTURO OZUNA SÁNCHEZ.
ReplyDeleteMAESTRÍA EN EDUCACIÓN MEDIA SUPERIOR
UPN UNIDAD 122, ACAPULCO, GRO.
PRIMER EJERCICIO
Your score is 80%
SEGUNDO EJERCICIO
The building in front of you --is called--- (call) the Summer Palace. It ---was built--- (build) in 1728 and nowadays it ----is considered----- (consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building -----has been restored----- (restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building ----has been kept---- (keep) unaltered. Today the Palace ---is owned---- (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it ---has been used--- (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings ---was stolen---- (steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing ---is being added--- (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
Millions of Easter eggs are eaten during Easter.
ReplyDeleteCorrect True
Natasha is the first person in her family to work at Caffrey's.
Correct False
Christmas and the New Year are the busiest time of year for the Chocolate Warehouse
Correct False
Chocolate comes from cocoa trees.
Correct True
Easter eggs can be made from milk, dark or white chocolate.
Correct True
The Chocolate Warehouse only makes Easter eggs.
Correct False
You can go to a chocolate workshop any time of year.
Correct False
Your score is 100%
ReplyDeleteYou've completed the exam. You scored 5.00 out of 5.00 points.
Passed
Online Exam Builder part of Easy LMS
The Passive Form
ReplyDeleteCorrect! Well done.
Your score is 32%.
The building in front of you is called (call) the Summer Palace. It was built (build) in 1728 and nowadays it is considered (consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building has been restored (restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building has been kept (keep) unaltered. Today the Palace is owned (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it has been used (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings was stolen (steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing is being added (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
Nombre: Mónica Ivette Mayrén Camarena. Maestría en Formación y Práctica Docente 1er semestre.
ReplyDeleteThe Passive Form
Correct! Well done.
Your score is 98%.
The building in front of you is called (call) the Summer Palace. It was built (build) in 1728 and nowadays it is considered (consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building has been restored (restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building has been kept (keep) unaltered. Today the Palace is owned (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it has been used (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings was stolen (steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing is being added (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
Tu puntuación es del 40%.
ReplyDeleteHas completado el examen. Obtuviste 2.00 de 5.00 puntos.
:(
1. My flat was sold (sell) last week.
ReplyDelete2. The room hasn't been painted (not paint) yet.
3. I think the results will be published (publish) early next week.
4. The door is always locked (lock) in the evening.
5. The votes are being counted (count) now.
6. Don Quixote was written (write) by Cervantes.
7. When I arrived, the furniture was still being unloaded (unload) from the removal lorry.
8. In the morning they realized that the painting had been stolen (steal) during the night.
9. English is spoken (speak) in many countries around the world.
10. If you worked harder, your homework would be finished (finish) on time.
María Mejía Heredia.
The building in front of you is called (call) the Summer Palace. It was built (build) in 1728 and nowadays it is considered (consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building has been restored (restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building has been kept (keep) unaltered. Today the Palace is owned (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it has been used (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings was stolen (steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing is being added (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
ReplyDeleteMaría Mejía Heredia.
1. the ago cleaned days windows were two
ReplyDeleteThe windows were cleaned two days ago.
2. just prisoner been the has released
The prisoner has just been released.
3. redecorated moment house being our the is at
Our house is being redecorated at the moment.
4. electric glass made bulbs of are
Electric bulbs are made of glass.
5. tomorrow results be the will published
The results will be published tomorrow.
6. the Friday hostages rescued been by have will
The hostages will have been rescued by Friday.
7. urgently paid the to needs be bill
The bill needs to be paid urgently.
María Mejía heredia.
Buenas noches soy Claudia
ReplyDeleteThe building in front of you called(call) the Summer Palace. It built(build) in 1728 and nowadays it considered(consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building restored(restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building kept(keep) unaltered. Today the Palace owned(own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it used(use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings stolen(steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing added(add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
1. The window was broken by Tom.
ReplyDeleteTom broke the window.
2. The excursions are organized by the school.
The school organizes the excursions.
3. Most medals have been won by Jennifer.
Jennifer has won most medals.
4. The dress will be made by a famous fashion designer.
A famous fashion designer will make the dress.
5. The car is being driven by the bride's best friend.
The bride's best friend is driving the car.
6. The shoes have been bought by her mother.
Her mother has bought the shoes.
7. The reindeer was hit by a car.
A car hit the reindeer.
8. The exam envelopes should be checked by the supervisor before the exam.
The supervisor should check the envelopes before the exam.
9. The presents won't be opened by the children before midnight.
The children won't open the presents before midnight.
10. The computer is being used by Tim.
Tim is using the computer.
María Mejía Heredia.
Buenas noches soy Claudia
ReplyDelete1. My flat was sold(sell) last week.
2. The room hasn't be painted (not paint) yet.
3. I think the results will be published(publish) early next week.
4. The door is always locked(lock) in the evening.
5. The votes are being counted(count) now.
6. Don Quixote wascwritten(write) by Cervantes.
7. When I arrived, the furniture was still unloaded(unload) from the removal lorry.
8. In the morning they realized that the painting had been stolen(steal) during the night.
9. English is spoken(speak) in many countries around the world.
10. If you worked harder, your homework would be finished(finish) on time.
ReplyDeleteYour score is 40%
You've completed the exam. You scored 2.00 out of 5.00 points.
Failed
Your score is 80%
ReplyDeleteYou've completed the exam. You scored 4.00 out of 5.00 points.
Passed
How Twitter will revolutionise academic research and teaching
ReplyDeleteMany members of academia marvel (or react with rejection) at the rapid changes in the production and dissemination of scholarly work and interaction between academics and those "outside" academic institutions. Thousands of scholars and higher education institutions are participating in social media (such as Twitter), as an important aspect of their research and teaching work.
There is still considerable resistance to embracing social media tools for educational purposes, but if you are reading this article you are probably willing to consider their positive effects. New technologies have slow adoption cycles, and often the learning curve is steep. Those already using these tools within academic contexts should not be considered a priori as "the converted"; perception and usage of social media varies wildly, and due to the inherently fluid and malleable nature of the platforms themselves we are still in the process of assessing all their possibilities.
Mobile phones and tablets enable the user in producing content, and to publish and disseminate it online. The microblogging platform Twitter is purposefully designed to exchange information and to facilitate reciprocal communication and attribution, therefore enabling the creation of communities of individuals interested in common topics. But the easy part of tweeting is publishing content; the difficult side is actually committing to active public engagement. This is where "the ear", our ability to listen and to place ourselves in a particular context at a particular time, comes to the fore.
In traditional scholarly communications, academics produced a document (a thesis, an article, a book) and then sent it to someone else to review it, edit it, publish it, distribute it. It was a unidirectional mode of operation, even if the document was produced by research teams.
Today, more and more academics are creating content and posting it online. They make it available, but this does not necessarily guarantee people will read it. Whereas online availability is very important, what brings the process to fruition is engagement: the work of scholarly authorship does not end with publication: that is just the beginning.
Therefore, the 21st century scholar has the tools not only to publish and disseminate, but also to facilitate the development of specialised audiences, and therefore of what is called "impact": people read, and in turn write about your work, which is in turn read by others. "It's a conversation, not a lecture," is a well-known trope that is useful to remember in the scholarly web. This does not mean we should spend every waking hour chatting to strangers on social networks; it means that social media is not a uni-directional broadcasting tool. Those who "follow" us online are likely to be our students, colleagues, employers. They are not a passive audience.
For higher education, social media is part of a process of democratisation. Its effective use can lead to an ethical shift towards active efforts for engaging new audiences and widening participation beyond the Ivory Tower's walls.
Dr Ernesto Priego is the managing editor of The Comics Grid. He contributes to Global Voices online, Networked Researcher and Inside Higher Education/The University of Venus
Adapted from:
http://www.theguardian.com/higher-education-network/blog/2011/sep/12/twitter-revolutionise-academia-research
María Mejía Heredia.
The Passive Form
ReplyDeleteYour score is 66%.
Some of your answers are incorrect. Incorrect answers have been left in place for you to change.
The building in front of you is called (call) the Summer Palace. It
was build
(build) in 1728 and nowadays it
is consider
(consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building
has been restore
(restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building has been kept (keep) unaltered. Today the Palace is owned (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it has been used (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings was stolen (steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing is being added (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
Verifica Pista
Juan Emmanuel Barragán Hernández Maestría en Formación y Práctica Docente.
ReplyDeleteThe Passive Form
Correct! Well done.
Your score is 98%.
The building in front of you is called (call) the Summer Palace. It was built (build) in 1728 and nowadays it is considered (consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building has been restored (restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building has been kept (keep) unaltered. Today the Palace is owned (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it has been used (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings was stolen (steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing is being added (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
The building in front of you is called (call) the Summer Palace. It was built (build) in 1728 and nowadays it is considered (consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building has been restored (restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building has been kept (keep) unaltered. Today the Palace is owned (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it has been used (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings was stolen (steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing is being added (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
ReplyDelete1. My flat was sold (sell) last week.
ReplyDelete2. The room has not been painted (not paint) yet.
3. I think the results will be published (publish) early next week.
4. The door is always locked (lock) in the evening.
5. The votes are being counted (count) now.
6. Don Quixote was written (write) by Cervantes.
7. When I arrived, the furniture was still being unloaded (unload) from the removal lorry.
8. In the morning they realized that the painting had been stolen (steal) during the night.
9. English is spoken (speak) in many countries around the world.
10. If you worked harder, your homework would be finished (finish) on time.
Your score is 48%.
ReplyDeleteSome of your answers are incorrect. Incorrect answers have been left in place for you to change.
The building in front of you is called (call) the Summer Palace. It
was build
(build) in 1728 and nowadays it
has been considerd
(consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building has been restored (restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building
has been keep
(keep) unaltered. Today the Palace is owned (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it has been used (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings
was stole
(steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing is being added (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
2 EJERCICIO FRANCISCA OZUNA LOSANO MEMS.ACAPULCO
ReplyDeleteYour score is 75%.
Some of your answers are incorrect. Incorrect answers have been left in place for you to change.
1. My flat was sold (sell) last week.
2. The room
hasn´t been paint
(not paint) yet.
3. I think the results will be published (publish) early next week.
4. The door is always locked (lock) in the evening.
5. The votes are being counted (count) now.
6. Don Quixote was written (write) by Cervantes.
7. When I arrived, the furniture was still
being unloadded
(unload) from the removal lorry.
8. In the morning they realized that the painting
had been
(steal) during the night.
9. English is spoken (speak) in many countries around the world.
10. If you worked harder, your homework would be finished (finish) on time.
Carolina Fiesco Sanchez
ReplyDeleteYour score is 80%
You've completed the exam. You scored 4.00 out of 5.00 points.
Passed
The building in front of you
called
(call) the Summer Palace. It
built
(build) in 1728 and nowadays it
considerer
(consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building
restored
(restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building
kept
(keep) unaltered. Today the Palace
owned
(own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it
used
(use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings
stolen
(steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing
added
(add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
Carolina fiesco Sanchez
ReplyDelete1. the ago cleaned days windows were two
The windows were cleaned two days ago.
2. just prisoner been the has released
The
prisioner has just bee released
.
3. redecorated moment house being our the is at
Our house is being redecorated at the moment.
4. electric glass made bulbs of are
Electric bulbs are made of glass.
5. tomorrow results be the will published
The results will be published tomorrow.
6. the Friday hostages rescued been by have will
The hostages will have been rescued by friday.
7. urgently paid the to needs be bill
The bill needs to be paid urgently.
Octavio Gutierrez de la O.
ReplyDeleteEjercicio 1.
Your score is 80%
You've completed the exam. You scored 4.00 out of 5.00 points.
Passed
Ejercicio 2.
The Passive Form
Correct! Well done.
Your score is 98%.
The building in front of you is called (call) the Summer Palace. It was built (build) in 1728 and nowadays it is considered (consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building has been restored (restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building has been kept (keep) unaltered. Today the Palace is owned (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it has been used (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings was stolen (steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing is being added (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.
Your score is 60%
ReplyDeleteYou've completed the exam. You scored 3.00 out of 5.00 points.
Passed
Correct! Well done.
ReplyDeleteYour score is 10%.
The building in front of you is called (call) the Summer Palace. It was built (build) in 1728 and nowadays it is considered (consider) one of the finest examples of baroque arquitecture in the country. The south façade of the building has been restored (restore) several times since 1728, but the rest of the building has been kept (keep) unaltered. Today the Palace is owned (own) by the town hall and for the last ten years it has been used (use) as a home for the Art Museum. Last year one of our most valuable paitings was stolen (steal) from the museum. At the moment a new wing is being added (add) to host the contemporary art collections, with special security conditions.