GRAMÁTICA
MODAL VERBS (VERVOS MODALES)
Los verbos modales son verbos auxiliares que no pueden funcionar como un verbo principal, a diferencia de los verbos auxiliares “be”, “do” y “have” que sí pueden funcionar como un verbo principal.
Los verbos modales expresan modalidad, habilidad, posibilidad, necesidad u otra condición. Los utilizamos para el futuro y el condicional.
Como verbos complementarios que son, los verbos modales necesitan otro verbo para funcionar. Este otro verbo siempre va después del verbo modal y está en la forma base. No se conjugan los verbos modales y no tienen tiempo.
Los verbos modales son:
can -----------------Puedo (habilidad) |
could ---------------- Podía (habilidad) |
may ----------------- Posibilidad |
might-----------------Posibilidad |
will ------------------ Futuro |
shall ----------------- Futuro |
should --------------- Recomendación |
ought to ------------- Recomendación |
must/have to -------- Deber, Obligación |
would----------------- Posibilidad hipotetica I can run puedo correr You could run podías correr He may run Él posiblemente corre She might run Ella posiblemente corre We will run Nosotros correremos We shall run Nosotros correremos They should run Ellos deberían correr They ought to run Ellos deberían correr They must run Ellos deben correr They have to run Ellos tienen que correr They would run Ellos correrían |
Uses (Usos)
Can
“Can” indica habilidad o posibilidad. En estos casos puede ser traducido como “poder” en español.
Ejemplos:
Bill and Tom can’t help you.(Bill y Tom no pueden ayudarte.) |
We can work late tonight if you need us.(Podemos trabajar hasta tarde esta noche si nos necesitas.) |
The restaurant can be expensive if you drink a lot of wine.(El restaurante puede ser caro si bebes mucho vino.) |
Ejemplos:En frases interrogativas, el uso de “can” puede solicitar permiso o preguntar sobre posibilidades.
Can I have a glass of water?(¿Puedo tomar un vaso de agua?) |
Can you help me?(¿Puedes ayudarme?) |
Can they work late tonight?(¿Pueden trabajar hasta tarde esta noche?) |
Could
“Could” indica posibilidad o habilidad en el pasado.
Ejemplos:
Joe could speak Spanish when he was young.(Joe podía hablar español cuando era joven.) |
I couldn’t sleep last night.(No pude dormir anoche.) |
Could you play an instrument when you were a child?(¿Podías tocar un instrumento cuando eras un niño?) |
También se puede usar “could” para posibilidades en el futuro.
Ejemplos:
You could pass the test if you studied.(Podrías pasar el examen si estudiaras.) |
I think it could rain later.(Creo que podría llover más tarde.) |
Como “can”, en frases interrogativas “could” puede solicitar permiso o preguntar sobre las posibilidades, pero es más formal.
Ejemplos:
Could you pass the salt please?(¿Podría pasarme la sal por favor?) |
Could you help me?(¿Podrías ayudarme?) |
Could I be wrong?(¿Podría estar equivocado?) |
May
Como “could”, se usa “may” para indicar posibilidades en el futuro.
Ejemplos:
I would bring an umbrella, it may rain later.(Llevaría un paraguas, puede llover más tarde.) |
It may be better to finish this now, rather than wait until tomorrow.(Tal vez sea mejor terminar esto ahora, en lugar de esperar hasta mañana.) |
También se puede utilizar para dar permisos o instrucciones.
Ejemplos:
You may leave if you like.(Puede salir si quiere.) |
You may use your cell phones now.(Pueden usar sus teléfonos ahora.) |
En frases interrogativas, el uso de “may” es más educado que “can” o “could”.
Ejemplos:
May I have a glass of water?(¿Podría tomar un vaso de agua?) |
May I leave now?(¿Podría salir ahora?) |
Might
Se usa “might” para indicar posibilidades en el presente o el futuro. En estos casos, es un sinónimo de “may”.
Ejemplos:
I would bring an umbrella, it might rain later.(Yo llevaría un paraguas, puede llover más tarde.) |
It might be better to finish this now, rather than wait until tomorrow.(Tal vez sea mejor terminar esto ahora, en lugar de esperar hasta mañana.) |
Will
Como veremos en lecciones posteriores, se utiliza “will” para formar el tiempo futuro.
También el uso de “will” significa voluntad o determinación.
Ejemplos:
I will help you.(Te ayudaré.) |
We will learn English.(Aprenderemos inglés.) |
Se utiliza “will” en frases interrogativas para pedir información, un favor o sobre opciones.
Ejemplos:
Will they find a cure for cancer?(¿Encontrarán una cura para el cáncer?) |
Will you help me move?(¿Me ayudas a mudarme?) |
Will he go to Paris by car or train?(¿Irá a París en coche o en tren?) |
Shall
Se usa “shall” como “will” para formar el tiempo futuro. El uso de “shall” es mucho más común en el Reino Unido y en general es más educado.
Ejemplos:
Chris shall be happy to see you.(Chris estará feliz de verte.) |
I’ll take the 3 o’clock train.(Tomaré el tren a las 15h.) |
Nota: Las formas cortas de “will” y “shall” son lo mismo. Entonces “I’ll”en el ejemplo anterior puede significar “I will” o “I shall”.
También se puede utilizar “shall” para ofertas y sugerencias o para preguntar sobre opciones o preferencias.
Ejemplos:
Shall we meet at 10pm?(¿Quedamos a las 22h?) |
Shall we go to the movies or a museum?(¿Vamos al cine o a un museo?) |
Should
“Should” indica una obligación o recomendación. Refleja una opinión sobre lo que es correcto. Se traduce como “debería” en español.
Ejemplos:
I should call my parents more often.(Debería llamar a mis padres más a menudo.) |
You shouldn’t work so hard.(No debería trabajar tan duro.) |
They should practice more if they want to win the championship.(Deberían practicar más si quieren ganar el campeonato.) |
Se utiliza “should” en frases interrogativas para preguntar si existe una obligación o para pedir una recomendación.
Ejemplos:
Should we leave a tip?(¿Deberíamos dejar una propina?) |
Should I have the steak or the chicken?(¿Debería comer el bistec o el pollo?) |
Where should they meet you?(¿Dónde deberían encontrarte?) |
Ought to
“Ought to” es un sinónimo de “should” aunque es menos común.
Ejemplos:
She ought to quit smoking.(Debería dejar de fumar.) |
I ought to call my parents more often.(Debería llamar a mis padres más a menudo.) |
They ought to work less.(Deberían trabajar menos.) |
Note: Nunca se usa “ought to” en frases interrogativas en inglés americano.
Must
“Must” indica una obligación, prohibición o necesidad. También puede emplearse “have to” (tener que) en frases afirmativas.
Ejemplos:
You must [have to] read this book, it’s fantastic.(Tienes que leer este libro, es fantástico.) |
You must [have to] brush your teeth two times a day.(Tienes que cepillarte los dientes dos veces al día.) |
We must [have to] leave now or we will be late.(Tenemos que irnos ahora o llegaremos tarde.) |
You must not drink and drive.(No puedes beber y conducir.) |
When must we meet you?(¿Cuándo debemos quedar? ) |
También se puede usar “must” para indicar probabilidad o asumir algo.
Ejemplos:
John’s not here. He must be sick because he never misses class.(John no esta aquí. Debe estar enfermo porque nunca pierde clases.) |
It must be difficult to learn a new language as an adult.(Debe ser difícil aprender un idioma como adulto.) |
Would
Se usa “would” para declarar una preferencia y para preguntar por algo educadamente.
Ejemplos:
She would like to go to New York someday.(Le gustaría ir a Nueva York algún día.) |
I would like a beer and my wife would like a glass of wine please.(Me gustaría una cerveza y a mi mujer le gustaría una copa de vino por favor.) |
Would you like some coffee?(¿Le gustaría un cafe?) |
Would you help me please?(¿Me ayudas por favor?) |
Complete los ejercicios del siguiente link: https://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/106.html https://youtu.be/Nk9nQwoCFig |
ReplyDeleteQ1 - You _Either could be used here___ leave if you've finished.
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Q4 - Either could be used here____ I open the window?
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Q8 - I'm afraid you __may__ not take the exam until you pay for it.
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Q9 - You _cannot___ smoke anywhere on the train.
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Q10 - You _either could be used here___ use my dictionary if you want.
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Quiz Results: Modals- Permission and Requests
Your Grade: 80%
Click to share your score!
You got 8 / 10 questions correct. The questions you got wrong were:
Q7: ___ you help me?
Q10: You ____ use my dictionary if you want.
Hi techer, i am Verónica Isaías, upn mems
ReplyDeleteQ1 - You _C_ leave if you've finished.
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Q2 - __C__ I come in?
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Q4 - __C__ I open the window?
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can't
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Q7 - _C__ you help me?
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Q8 - I'm afraid you __B__ not take the exam until you pay for it.
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Q9 - You _A___ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
might not
Q10 - You __A__ use my dictionary if you want.
can
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This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteQ1 - You __C__ leave if you've finished.
ReplyDeletemay
might
Either could be used here.
Q2 - __C__ I come in?
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Q4 - __C__ I open the window?
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can't
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Q7 - _C__ you help me?
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Q9 - You __A__ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
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Q10 - You __A__ use my dictionary if you want.
can
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Either could be used here.
Q1 - You _C__ leave if you've finished.
ReplyDeleteA.-may
B.-might
C.-Either could be used here.
Q2 - __C__ I come in?
A.-Can
B.-May
C.-Either could be used here.
Q3 - We __B__ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
A.-might
B.-could
C.-Either could be used here.
Q4 - __C__ I open the window?
A.-Could
B.-May
C.-Either could be used here.
Q5 - __A__ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
A.-Could
B.-May
Q6 - You _C___ take a mobile phone into the exam.
A.-can't
B.-may not
C.-Either could be used here.
Q7 - __C_ you help me?
A.-Can
B.-Could
C.-Either could be used here.
Q8 - I'm afraid you __A__ not take the exam until you pay for it.
A.-may
B.-might
Q9 - You __A__ smoke anywhere on the train.
A.-cannot
B.-might not
Q10 - You __A__ use my dictionary if you want.
A.-can
B.-might
C.-Either could be used here.
Angelica Barreto Fabian
ReplyDeleteYou got 6 / 10 questions correct. The questions you got wrong were:
Q2: ____ I come in?
Q3: We ____ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
Q4: ____ I open the window?
Q7: ___ you help me?
My name is Luis Ricardo Velazquez Valle
ReplyDeleteGood night through this I send my test result
Quiz Results: Modals- Permission and Requests
Congratulations, you got 100% correct!
Tu calificación: 90%
ReplyDeleteTienes 9/10 preguntas correctas.
Buen día mis resultados
FRANCISCA 0ZUNA LOSANO MEMS-ACAPULCO
ReplyDeleteQ1 - You ____ leave if you've finished.
Either could be used here.
Q2 - ____ I come in?
Either could be used here.
Q3 - We ____ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
might
could
Q4 - ____ I open the window?
Either could be used here.
Q5 - ____ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
Could
Q6 - You ____ take a mobile phone into the exam.
Either could be used here.
Q7 - ___ you help me?
Either could be used here.
Q8 - I'm afraid you ____ not take the exam until you pay for it.
may
Q9 - You ____ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
Q10 - You ____ use my dictionary if you want.
can
ReplyDeleteHola Maestra Connie...
Soy Rogelio Najera Rosas
Q1 - You __C__ leave if you've finished.
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Q4 - __C__ I open the window?
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Q5 - __A__ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
Could
May
Q6 - You __C__ take a mobile phone into the exam.
can't
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Either could be used here.
Q7 - _C__ you help me?
Can
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Q8 - I'm afraid you __A__ not take the exam until you pay for it.
may
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Q9 - You __A__ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
might not
Q10 - You __A__ use my dictionary if you want.
can
might
Either could be used here.
MAESTRANTE: ARTURO OZUNA SÁNCHEZ.
ReplyDeleteMAESTRÍA EN EDUCACIÓN MEDIA SUPERIOR
UPN UNIDAD 122, ACAPULCO, GRO.
Q1 - You ____ leave if you've finished.
Either could be used here.
Q2 - ____ I come in?
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Q3 - We ____ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
could
Q4 - ____ I open the window?
Either could be used here.
Q5 - ____ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
Could
Q6 - You ____ take a mobile phone into the exam.
Either could be used here.
Q7 - ___ you help me?
Either could be used here.
Q8 - I'm afraid you ____ not take the exam until you pay for it.
May
Q9 - You ____ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
Q10 - You ____ use my dictionary if you want.
can
Hola Maestra Connie...
ReplyDeleteMe llamo Rogelio Najera Rosas.
Q1 - You __C__ leave if you've finished.
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Q4 - __C__ I open the window?
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Q5 - __A__ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
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Q6 - You __C__ take a mobile phone into the exam.
can't
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Q7 - _C__ you help me?
Can
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Q8 - I'm afraid you __A__ not take the exam until you pay for it.
may
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Q9 - You __A__ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
might not
Q10 - You __A__ use my dictionary if you want.
can
might
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Q1 - You ____ leave if you've finished.
ReplyDeleteEither could be used here.
Q2 - ____ I come in?
Either could be used here.
Q3 - We ____ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
could
Q4 - ____ I open the window?
Either could be used here.
Q5 - ____ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
Could
Q6 - You ____ take a mobile phone into the exam.
Either could be used here.
Q7 - ___ you help me?
Either could be used here.
Q8 - I'm afraid you ____ not take the exam until you pay for it.
may
Q9 - You ____ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
Q10 - You ____ use my dictionary if you want.
can
Quiz Results: Modals- Permission and Requests
ReplyDeleteCongratulations, you got 100% correct!
Eduardo Miguel Chilian Hermosillo.
ReplyDeleteEnglish Quiz: Modals- Permission and Requests
Topic: Modals
Level: Intermediate
Instructions: Choose the correct answer.
Q1 - You _C__ leave if you've finished.
may
might
Either could be used here.
Q2 - __C__ I come in?
Can
May
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Q3 - We _B__ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
might
could
Either could be used here.
Q4 - __C__ I open the window?
Could
May
Either could be used here.
Q5 - __A__ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
Could
May
Q6 - You _C___ take a mobile phone into the exam.
can't
may not
Either could be used here.
Q7 - __C_ you help me?
Can
Could
Either could be used here.
Q8 - I'm afraid you __A__ not take the exam until you pay for it.
may
might
Q9 - You __A__ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
might not
Q10 - You __A__ use my dictionary if you want.
can
might
Either could be used here.
ReplyDeleteQ
MAESTRÍA EN FORMACIÓN Y PRÁCTICA DOCENTE 1ER SEMESTRE
Q1 - You ____ leave if you've finished. Answer: 3
Q2 - ____ I come in? Answer: 3
Q3 - We ____ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home. Answer: 2
Q4 - ____ I open the window? Answer: 3
Q5 - ____ you turn the heating up a bit, please? Answer: 1
Q6 - You ____ take a mobile phone into the exam. Answer: 1
Q7 - ___ you help me? Answer: 3
Q8 - I'm afraid you ____ not take the exam until you pay for it. Answer: 1
Q9 - You ____ smoke anywhere on the train. Answer: 1
Q10 - You ____ use my dictionary if you want. Answer: 1
ReplyDeleteQ1 - You __c__ leave if you've finished.
may
might
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Q2 - ___c_ I come in?
Can
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Q3 - We __b__ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
might
could
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Q4 - __c__ I open the window?
Could
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Q5 - __a__ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
Could
May
Q6 - You __a__ take a mobile phone into the exam.
can't
may not
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Q7 - __b_ you help me?
Can
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Q8 - I'm afraid you __a__ not take the exam until you pay for it.
may
might
Q9 - You _a___ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
might not
Q10 - You __a__ use my dictionary if you want.
can
might
Either could be used here.
Congratulations, you got 100% correct!
ReplyDeleteJuan Emmanuel Barragán Hernández Maestría en Formación y Práctica Docente.
Q1 - You _C_ leave if you've finished.
may
might
Either could be used here.
Q2 - __C__ I come in?
Can
May
Either could be used here.
Q3 - We _B___ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
might
could
Either could be used here.
Q4 - __C__ I open the window?
Could
May
Either could be used here.
Q5 - _A___ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
Could
May
Q6 - You _C___ take a mobile phone into the exam.
can't
may not
Either could be used here.
Q7 - _C__ you help me?
Can
Could
Either could be used here.
Q8 - I'm afraid you __A__ not take the exam until you pay for it.
may
might
Q9 - You _B___ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
might not
Q10 - You __A__ use my dictionary if you want.
can
might
Quiz Results: Modals- Permission and Requests
ReplyDeleteCongratulations, you got 100% correct!
ReplyDeleteCarolina Fiesco Sanchez
Quiz Results: Modals- Permission and Requests
Your Grade: 90%
Click to share your score!
You got 9 / 10 questions correct. The question you got wrong was:
Q7: ___ you help me?
Q1 - You ____ leave if you've finished.
ReplyDeleteEither could be used here.
Q2 - ____ I come in?
Either could be used here.
Q3 - We ____ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
could
Q4 - ____ I open the window?
Either could be used here.
Q5 - ____ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
Could
Q6 - You ____ take a mobile phone into the exam.
Either could be used here.
Q7 - ___ you help me?
Either could be used here.
Q8 - I'm afraid you ____ not take the exam until you pay for it.
may
Q9 - You ____ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
Q10 - You ____ use my dictionary if you want.
can
Q1 - You __c__ leave if you've finished.
ReplyDeletemay
might
Either could be used here.
Q2 - __C__ I come in?
Can
May
Either could be used here.
Q3 - We __B__ not get into the concert without tickets, so we went home.
might
could
Either could be used here.
Q4 - ___C_ I open the window?
Could
May
Either could be used here.
Q5 - __A__ you turn the heating up a bit, please?
Could
May
Q6 - You __C__ take a mobile phone into the exam.
can't
may not
Either could be used here.
Q7 - __C_ you help me?
Can
Could
Either could be used here.
Q8 - I'm afraid you _A___ not take the exam until you pay for it.
may
might
Q9 - You __A__ smoke anywhere on the train.
cannot
might not
Q10 - You __A__ use my dictionary if you want.
can
might
Either could be used here.